Poetry Essays - Rhyme, Figures Of Speech, Rhetorical Techniques

Poetry Essays - Rhyme, Figures Of Speech, Rhetorical Techniques Poetry POETRY REPORT 1. THE DANCE The song The Dance was written by Country Music star Garth Brooks in 1989. To Garth The Dance has many meanings, such as a love gone bad or life. He really thinks that it is about the loss of the people who gave up their life as an ultimate sacrifice. Some of these people are John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. I chose this song because it is one of my favorites and the meaning that it gives to the listener. The meaning is that life is better left to live and chance than to miss everything by not do anything or even living. Throughout the song many of the poetic terms are used. The rhyme scheme that is used is that the first verse has no rhyme in it. The chorus, second verse and the tag have the first two lines and the second two lines rhyme with each other. The tone that is displayed is sad but if the person didn?t take a chance he wouldn?t of had anything at all. ?The dance we shared ?neath the stars above? shows the imagery of the song. A metaphor is used in ?I could have missed the pain but I?d of had to miss the dance. The dance is referring to life and the pain is where the person never lived or did anything at all. The line that is repeated, or the refrain, is?I could have missed the pain but I?d of had to miss the dance.? There are four stanzas present in the song. The mood that is given to the reader is sympathetic and/or empathetic. Similes and personification are not used. 2.ELDORADO The poem Eldorado was written by Edgar Allan Poe on April 21, 1849. Eldorado was a ?Golden City? to the Spanish Conquistadors that they never found. In the poem the knight is looking for this special thing, and he travels all his life to find it. The knight is very sad and never finds what he is looking for. Later in the poem he starts to die (it?s actually later in his life). The knight finds a vision and asks it why he cannot find what he is looking for. The vision tells him where it is and that it could be unreachable if he did not continue looking for it. The vision encourages the knight not to give up and to always try really hard to achieve your goals. I chose this poem because it sounded cool. Once I analyzed it I really liked the meaning it gave: to never give up and to always try until you succeed. This poem uses many of the poetic terms. The sequence AABCCB makes up the rhyme scheme. The author?s tone is a feeling of frustration and inadequacy in not finding his ?gold?. The imagery is given in dark and light. ?In sunshine and in shadow? which probably mean life and death is a metaphor. Eldorado which is thesomething special or gold is also a metaphor. The last line in every stanza are similar and make up the refrain. Personification is represented with the ghost(shadow) giving the knight advice in how to find his ?gold?. The mood that the reader has is a supernatural feeling. It is also mythical because Eldorado was a mythical place. Similes are not used in this poem. POETIC TERMS 1.RHYME SCHEME- A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem. 2.TONE- The writer?s attitude toward his or her subject, characters, or audience. 3.IMAGERY- Is the descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create word pictures for the reader. 4. METAPHOR- A figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as thogh it were something else. 5. SIMILE- A figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two subjects using either like or as. 6. REFRAIN- A repeated line ora group of lines in a poem or a song. 7. PERSONIFICATION- A figure of speech in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics. 8. STANZA- A group of lines in a poem. 9. MOOD- Atmosphere, is the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage.

6 Environmental Costs (and 3 Benefits) of Hydroelectricity

6 Environmental Costs (and 3 Benefits) of Hydroelectricity Hydroelectricity is a significant source of power in many regions of the globe, providing 24% of the global electricity needs. Brazil and Norway rely almost exclusively on hydropower. In the United States, 7 to 12% of all electricity is produced by hydropower; the states which depend the most on it are Washington, Oregon, California, and New York. Hydropower vs. Hydroelectricity Hydropower is when water is used to activate moving parts, which in turn may operate a mill, an irrigation system, or an electric turbine (in which case we can use the term hydroelectricity). Most commonly, hydroelectricity is produced when water is held back by a dam, led down a penstock through a turbine, and then released in the river below. The water is both pushed by pressure from the reservoir above and pulled by gravity, and that energy spins a turbine coupled to a generator producing electricity. The rarer run-of-the-river hydroelectric plants also have a dam, but no reservoir behind it; turbines are moved by the river water flowing past them at the natural flow rate. Ultimately, the generation of electricity relies on the natural water cycle to refill the reservoir, making it a renewable process with no input of fossil fuel needed. Our use of fossil fuels is associated with a multitude of environmental problems: for example, the extraction of oil from tar sands produces air pollution; fracking for natural gas is associated with water pollution; the burning of fossil fuels produces climate change-inducing greenhouse gas emissions. We, therefore, look to sources of renewable energy as clean alternatives to fossil fuels. However, like all sources of energy, renewable or not, there are environmental costs associated with hydroelectricity. Here is a review of some of those costs, along with some benefits. Costs Barrier to Fish. Many migratory fish species swim up and down rivers to complete their life cycle. Anadromous fish, like salmon, shad, or Atlantic sturgeon, go upriver to spawn, and young fish swim down river to reach the sea. Catadromous fish, like the American eel, live in the rivers until they swim out to the ocean to breed, and the young eels (elvers) come back to freshwater after they hatch. Dams obviously block the passage of these fish. Some dams are equipped with fish ladders or other devices to let them pass unharmed. The effectiveness of these structures is quite variable but improving.Changes in Flood Regime. Dams can buffer large, sudden volumes of water following spring melt of heavy rains. That can be a good thing for downstream communities (see Benefits below), but it also starves the river from a periodic influx of sediment and prevents the natural high flows from regular re-countering of the river bed, which renews habitat for aquatic life. To recreate these ecologic al processes, authorities periodically release large volumes of water down the Colorado River, with positive effects on the native vegetation alongside the river. Temperature and Oxygen Modulation. Depending on the design of the dam, water released downstream often comes from the deeper parts of the reservoir. That water is therefore much the same cold temperature throughout the year. This has negative impacts on aquatic life adapted to wide seasonal variations in water temperature. Similarly, low oxygen levels in released water can kill aquatic life downstream, but the problem can be mitigated by mixing air into the water at the outlet.  Evaporation. Reservoirs increase a river’s surface area, thus increasing the amount of water lost to evaporation. In hot, sunny regions the losses are staggering: more water is lost from reservoir evaporation than is used for domestic consumption. When water evaporates, dissolved salts are left behind, increasing salinity levels downstream and harming aquatic life.Mercury Pollution. Mercury is deposited on vegetation long distances downwind from coal-burning power plants. When new reservoirs are crea ted, the mercury found in the now submerged vegetation is released and converted by bacteria into methyl-mercury. This methyl-mercury becomes increasingly concentrated as it moves up the food chain (a process called biomagnification). Consumers of predatory fish, including humans, are then exposed to dangerous concentrations of the toxic compound. Methane Emissions. Reservoirs often become saturated with nutrients coming from decomposing vegetation or nearby agricultural fields. These nutrients are consumed by algae and microorganisms which in turn release large amounts of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. This problem has of yet not been studied enough to understand its true extent. Benefits Flood control. Reservoir levels can be lowered in anticipation of heavy rain or snowmelt, buffering the communities downstream from dangerous river levels.Recreation. Large reservoirs are often used for recreational activities like fishing and boating.Alternative to Fossil Fuels. Producing hydroelectricity releases a lower net amount of greenhouse gases than fossil fuels. As part of a portfolio of energy sources, hydroelectricity allows greater reliance on domestic energy, as opposed to fossil fuels mined overseas, in locations with less stringent environmental regulations. Some Solutions Because the economic benefits of older dams wane while the environmental costs mount, we have seen any increase in dam decommissioning and removal. These dam removals are spectacular, but most importantly they allow scientists to observe how natural processes are restored along the rivers.   Much of the environmental problems described here are associated with large-scale hydroelectric projects. There is a multitude of very small scale projects (often called â€Å"micro-hydro†) where judiciously placed small turbines use low-volume streams to produce electricity for a single home or a neighborhood. These projects have little environmental impact if properly designed. Sources and Further Reading Filho, Geraldo Lucio Tiago, Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos, and Regina Mambeli Barros. Cost Estimate of Small Hydroelectric Power Plants Based on the Aspect Factor. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 77 (2017): 229–38. Print.Forsund, Finn R. Hydropower Economics. Springer, 2007.  Hancock, Kathleen J, and Benjamin K Sovacool. International Political Economy and Renewable Energy: Hydroelectric Power and the Resource Curse. International Studies Review 20.4 (2018): 615–32. Print.Johansson, Per-Olov, and Bengt Kristrà ¶m. Economics and Social Costs of Hydroelectric Power. Umeà ¥, Sweden: Department of Economics, Umeà ¥ University, 2018. Print.-, eds. Modern Cost-Benefit Analysis of Hydropower Conflicts. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2011.  -, eds. The Economics of Evaluating Water Projects: Hydroelectricity Versus Other Uses. Springer, 2012.