Tata Nano †a Study on Business Challenges in India Free Essays

Goodbye NANO †A STUDY ON BUSINESS CHALLENGES IN INDIA Introduction Tata Nano, pet task of the executive of the Tata Group Mr. Ratan Tata was a vehicle which was required to change the substance of car division in India. In the exceptionally serious little vehicle market of India, Tata Nano vowed to set the bar so high that it would turn out to be incredibly hard for the contenders to coordinate. We will compose a custom exposition test on Goodbye Nano †a Study on Business Challenges in India or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now The fantasy about possessing a vehicle for as meager as Rupees 1 lakh (Rs. 100,000 †generally USD2500) was excessively enticing for many Indians who can't manage the cost of even a little vehicle. The sort of broad media inclusion Tata Nano got directly from the day it was reported through the whole time frame until the primary units were given over to the proprietors was something that its rivals longed for. In any case, following two years of dispatch, the Tata Nano producing plant at Sanand in Gujrat, India is running at around 20% usage. People’s Car-It is a typical sight in india to see a whole group of four going on a bike in substantial rush hour gridlock and awful street conditions all as the year progressed. Vehicle Ownership across nations †Present and Future As can be seen from the IMF report above, vehicle possession in India is relied upon to develop exponentially in the coming decades. India’s Growth in GDP Per Capita Combining the expectations about vehicle proprietorship in India with the development in GDP per Capita in India, we can unmistakably observe why the car division, particularly the little vehicle advertise is one of the most serious segments in India at present. In a market this way, a vehicle like Tata Nano could sell like hot cakes. In any case, it didn’t. Allow us currently to attempt to comprehend why Tata Nano couldn't meet industry desires. Purposes behind Setbacks Goodbye Nano (Photo credit: Wikipedia) Too Many Crises †Since its dispatch with incredible pomp in 2009, the Nano has made due starting with one emergency then onto the next. There was restriction to Tata’s unique intends to site the production line in West Bengal, as talked about later, driving a very late scramble to change the site to Sanand. It opened the previous summer, however insufficient vehicles fell off the creation line to satisfy the early requests. To exacerbate matter, a couple of vehicles bursting into flames on street, raising feelings of dread about the Nano’s security. Value â€Nano’s value, which should be its USP, is clearly one of the significant explanations for its low deals. For larger part of Indians, claiming a vehicle isn't about utility or versatility; it is a fantasy, desire and superficial point of interest; simply like a house. Along these lines, the low cost of Nano doesn't transform it into a benefit. It turns out to be increasingly similar to an item. Additionally, the underlying showcasing and advancement of Nano gave the normal buyer that claiming a Nano would by one way or another be an affirmation of their destitution, and not an approach to receive in return. Amusingly, a major number of Nano’s purchasers purchase Nano as their second or third vehicle after previously claiming another vehicle. This section isn't the portion at first focused by Tata. Resale-The re-deal vehicle showcase gives solid rivalry to the Nano. A 3-multi year old trade-in vehicle initially costing 3-4 lakh in on-street value (like Chevrolet Spark and Maruti Alto) can represent a hardened test to Nano given the relative value equality that rises with regards to re-deal. For example, Nano’s Mumbai on-street cost for Std BSIII model pegged at 1. 51 lakhs is a couple of leaves the Rs. 2 lakh in addition to utilized vehicle rendition ‘Spark’. Individuals, who may go for the propelled model Nano Cx BSIII, may consider deciding on ‘Spark’ or ‘Alto’ given that the said Nano model expenses around 1. 2 lakh rupees. Truth be told, Nano appears to have neglected to represent a test to the market players in this re-deal vehicle specialty section. Obviously, there isn't a lot of significant worth separated from a Nano upon resale either. Safeguarding Nano †To improve Nano’s advertise execution, Tata engines is at tempting to grow to different districts scanning new markets for Nano. Given its measured structure, Nano can be gathered and made in essentially wherever on the planet. Consequently, Tata is taking a gander at SAARC countries, Latin America and different locales, where the monetary conditions are like India. Likewise, Tata is examining thinking of Nano electric models and even a Nano diesel variant After enduring difficulties with the underlying business sector reaction, Tata Motors employed Carl-Peter Forster, a previous supervisor of General Motors Europe as head of Tata Motors in February 2010. Subsequent to assuming responsibility, Forster understood that he should reexamine the Nano plan of action. There was no genuine national dissemination plot, next to no promoting and publicizing, and no compelling arrangement of shopper money. The incongruity was that numerous country Indians never got the opportunity to hear session or have the chance to see the vehicle that should help change their lives. Issues with Nano The Nano’s showcasing issues started with its item situating. The cost crawled up by around 15%, putting it out of the span of first-time purchasers with no standard work or payslips to back an application for credit. What's more, by accentuating its affordability ins tead of its fundamental however engaging characteristics, it hindered marginally happier purchasers who could manage the cost of one yet tried to progressively advanced vehicles, for example, those from Tata’s greatest opponent, Maruti, the pioneer in India’s little vehicle advertise. Political Controversies †Nine months after the Tata Nano was revealed to much display, and with just weeks before the main vehicle was booked to move off the mechanical production system, Tata declared it was pulling out of West Bengal where work was close to finish on the gathering plant. Organization Chairman Ratan Tata noticed that Tata Motors had just contributed 15b rupees (US$343m) in the little vehicle venture. Be that as it may, they had overlooked an indispensable detail which is an unquestionable requirement for huge speculators hoping to begin enormous thought ventures ashore claimed by poor, for the most part unskilled workers in creating nations. At the base of the Singur worker opposition was the requirement for a land change that empowers laborers to have genuine options on whether to keep cultivating or accomplish something different. For Tata Nano, the legislature of West Bengal convinced in excess of 10,000 workers in Singur to acknowledge pay for 1000 sections of land of farmland on which the Nano plant would be manufactured. Be that as it may, practically directly from the beginning, upwards of 2000 workers denied the pay, and requested their property back. Ranchers grumbled that the state socialist government coercively took their property to provide for Tata. With the assistance of the resistance groups, workers restricted to the land procurement documented petitions in court. In January, a Calcutta High Court tossed out all the grumblings, deciding that there was â€Å"no infringement of the Land Acquisition Act or some other regulation† by the West Bengal government in obtaining the land. Be that as it may, never at any point disparage the persistence of irate workers. At the point when legitimate roads were closed, Singur laborers rampaged, arranging day by day dissents and messing up laborers utilized of the Nano production line. As the dissenters developed all the more threatening, Ratan Tata had to recognize the chance of failing to see a solitary Nano move off the plant in Singur. While Tata was mulling over the eventual fate of his pet venture, promotion one of the most nervy tasks in the historical backdrop of Tata Motors, Narendra Modi †the Chief Minister of the Indian province of Gujrat moved toward him and vowed to offer all help required for Tata to move the plant structure Singur to Sanand. At last, Tata chose to move to Sanand and the first Nano moved off the sequential construction systems at Sanand before long. However, even as it figured out how to migrate and hit the market with slight postponement, Tata needs to think about what occurred in Singur to abstain from running into a similar issue somewhere else. Some portion of the issue was absence of clear and straightforward arrangement between laborer agents, Tata and the administration of West Bengal. In spite of the fact that the West Bengal government gave laborers remuneration bundle that was path over the going rate, the waiting discernment among the worker was that a gigantic lump of the cash was creamed off by degenerate government authorities. To maintain a strategic distance from this recognition, valid or bogus, Tata ought to have haggled legitimately with laborers, by-passing the West Bengal government. Also, even as Tata bragged an underlying beginning up of 250,000 Nanos from the Singur plant, giving a great many occupations to occupants, it neglected to make Singur inhabitants take responsibility for plant. To the individuals of Singur, well off Tata was coming to get their territory to make billions of dollars for itself. Nano on Fire â€Â To exacerbate the situation, three Nanos have burst into flames on account of some explanation or the other since its dispatch bringing up major issues about its security and seriously harming its Brand Equity. In spite of the fact that Tata Motors has not remarked on the purposes for the flames, there has been solid verbal negative exposure towards the vehicle. Proposals Tata Nano has been an intriguing case about contemplating business with regards to India and other developing markets. It has seen some exceptionally intriguing highs and lows which are one of a kind to the Indian market. Be that as it may, following suggestions can be made: 1. Tidy up the Brand Image †Nano as a matter of first importance needs to restore itself as a tenable brand. This may be the hardest activity given the beating the brand picture has taken due to the flames. Nano would need to forcefully take a shot at its PR and show how the mishaps are not a result of blemishes in Nano’s structure but since of some appalling outer elements. 2. Characterize a reasonable Marketing Strategy †Nano needs to have promoting systems to focus on its genuine buyer portion which is the majority of India and grandstand the N

Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror Essay - 12

Common Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror - Essay Example The impact of Habeas Corpus was first felt when the law of Anglo-Saxon was in presence. In 1215, Habeas Corpus followed the Magna Carta before it was experienced and utilized by the lord and the court that was under him. During the time of King Edward, Habeas Corpus was distributed as Blackstone by an appointed authority in England. It battled against the detainment of individuals or any one being sent to banish without the law being followed. At that point, Magna Carta was a law that was normal in England. This condition had an indispensable influence really taking shape of Habeas Carter a law in the English constitution. It isn't some time in the past since Habeas Corpus was joined into the arrangement of the United States of America. This was in the year 1801 when the then leader of the United States referenced it in his discourse. The president said that the individuals of the United States of America would be ensured by Habeas Corpus with the goal that they could keep making the most of their opportunity. It was then placed in the constitution of the nation where it is as yet being utilized in the current day in the United States of America. Habeas Corpus has adjusted a similar convention as that of the England whereby it guarantees that individuals are detained legitimately and for a lawful explanation (Gregory, 2013). The first occasion when it was suspended in the United States of America was by the then president Abraham Lincoln. The president did this after he heard that the authorities of Maryland who managed hostile to war issues were intending to pulverize the railroad that was associating the United States of America to Annapolis and Philadelphia. This rail was significant in the providing the necessities to the officers who were preparing to assault and battle the south (Gregory, 2013) Lincoln just suspended it in Maryland course and was for the most part affected by the solicitations that the commanders of the military proposed. The commanders needed military courts to be set up with the goal that he could rein over his rivals strategically. Abraham

An Argument Against the Death Penalty :: Death Penalty Argumentative Persuasive Papers

An onlooker to the execution of John Evans in Alabama portrays this scene from the last snapshots of a capital punishment sentence being done: The primary shock of 1900 volts of power went through Mr. Evans' body. It endured thirty seconds. Starts and fire emitted from the anode attached to his leg. His body hammered against the lashes holding him in the hot seat and his clench hand gripped for all time. An enormous puff of grayish smoke and starts spilled free from the hood that secured his face. An overwhelming odor of consumed fragile living creature and attire started infesting the observer room. Two specialists analyzed Mr. Evans and pronounced that he was not dead. It took three shocks of power and 14 minutes before John Evans was announced dead (Radelet, Confronting the Death Penalty). From the beginning of time, different types of executions, for example, this one have occurred as a discipline for wrongdoing. In 1976, the United States restored capital punishment in the wake of having repudiated it in 1972 because it disregarded the Constitution's restriction on barbarous and abnormal discipline (MacKinnon, Morals 289). Since its reestablishment, the profound quality of such discipline has been widely discussed. I contend that capital punishment can't be ethically legitimized on the essential grounds that executing an individual as a type of discipline isn't right. A significant contention supporting the death penalty is that it fills in as an obstruction to violations - explicitly, murder. Notwithstanding, this contention requires that the future executioner would take in any event a second to consider what the results of homicide inside our legitimate framework are. This expect the executioner is prepared to do such thinking, and that the wrongdoing would be considered before it happened. Truth be told, the individuals who perpetrate savage violations regularly do as such in snapshots of energy, fury and dread - times when madness rules (Information, The death penalty 107). Regardless of whether a homicide or wrongdoing is planned, there are measurements existing that cause us to address how steady a contention of discouragement can be. In 1989, Senator Edward M. Kennedy, showing up before the Senate Judiciary Committee said that on the off chance that we take a gander at other Western majority rules systems, Not one of those nations has the death penalty for peacetime violations, but all of them has a homicide rate not exactly a large portion of that of the United States (Information, The death penalty 110). The Information Series on the death penalty additionally says that expresses that FBI insights from 1976-1987 show that In the twelve states where executions occur, the homicide rate is.

The Foothill Yellow-legged Frog free essay sample

Adhd Research Critique free essay sample

ADHD Research Critique The investigation titled â€Å"Illicit utilization of Prescription ADHD Medications on College grounds, by DeSantis, Webb, Noar, (2008) from the Journal of American College Health,† is both quantitative and subjective in structure, in light of the fact that the creators utilized mass overviews to accumulate measurements and inside and out meetings to gather individual data. The scientists utilized a multimethodological approach so as to pick up the information that was expected to frame the end and different examinations were referenced so as to add to the discoveries of this investigation. From the earliest starting point of the examination, the creators were extremely nitty gritty with foundation data about the ADHD remedy wonder announcing that the ascent in the quantity of conclusions and resulting treatment of American youngsters with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been very much recorded since the mid-1990s. As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 4. 4 million kids matured 4 to 17 years (a national commonness pace of 7. We will compose a custom paper test on Adhd Research Critique or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 8%) have been determined to have ADHD. Generally, the investigation of â€Å"Illicit utilization of Prescription ADHD Medications on College grounds, by DeSantis, Webb, Noar, (2008) from the Journal of American College Health,† was enlightening and utilized both quantitative and subjective ways to deal with depict their discoveries. The two techniques were finished utilizing the principles endorsed by the IRA. The examination issue was plainly characterized and replied. The paper was written in APA group. The examination was morally directed and the scientists called attention to their own confinements as not to confuse any data. All information can be distorted and it is absolutely critical to have the real factors and do an unmistakable moral investigation all things considered to mention for a substantial objective fact or investigation of data, and the creators obviously did that with this examination. Reference Olfñ•ð ¾n M, Marñ uñ• Ð… C, Druñ•ñ• B, Pinñ uñ• Hð . Natið ¾nal trð µndñ• in thð µ uñ•ð µ Ð ¾f Ð ¾utpatið µnt

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters Are Reading On July 24, 2014

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters Are Reading On July 24, 2014 This is a new feature at Book Riot. We tell you our favorite books of the month. We tell you what we’ve read during the week. So now every other week we will give you a glimpse of what we are reading  this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). See a Rioter who is reading your favorite book? I’ve included the link that will take you to their author archives (meaning, that magical place that organizes what they’ve written for the site). Gird your loins â€" this list combined with all of those archived posts will make your TBR list EXPLODE. Then again, that might be just what the doctor ordered for summer weekend plans. Enjoy! We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Liberty Hardy Broken Monsters by Lauren Beukes: Because Shining Girls author. It’s scary!!!  (galley) God’ll Cut You Down by John Safran: The description of this true crime book sounded too amazing to pass up. Go ahead and Google it. I’ll wait here. (galley) Preparing the Ghost by Matthew Gavin Frank: Giant squid! Giant squid! Giant squid! (galley) Nikki Steele The Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula K. Le Guin: I was browsing at the bookstore, love Le Guin and found this gem, and wanted it immediately in my face. (Paperback) Dana Staves That Certain Something by Clare Ashton: I was looking for lesbian romance novels that I could gobble up while sitting by the pool, and this book is definitely delivering on that score. (Kindle eBook) Eric Smith Red Rising by Pierce Brown: As I’m typing this, I’m two chapters away from the end of this dark, thrilling science-fiction YA novel.  This was one of those novels that got a TON of hype when it came out, and just sat on my desk for a while. Picked it up during a dry spell, and my goodness, what a fun book. Memorable characters, awesome world building… I’m eager to read more from Pierce Brown, and I’m already looking forward to the second book in the series. Swapna Krishna The Woman Who Would Be King: Hatshepsut’s Rise to Power in Ancient Egypt  by Kara Cooney. Because Ancient Egypt + Strong Women = Awesome. (Galley) Dear Daughter by Elizabeth Little. Because I’m a sucker for crime/psychological thrillers. (Hardcover). Understanding Comics  by Scott McCloud. Because I need a vocabulary to be able to talk about comics. (Paperback) Orfeo by  Richard Powers. Because it’s music, math, and science. (Hardcover) Greg Zimmerman The Sleepwalker’s Guide To Dancing by Mira Jacob: Saw it browsing at Barnes and Noble, and loved the title and premise of the story. Emily Gatlin California by Edan Lepucki BUZZ. Plain and simple. (Kobo ebook LOOK AT ME BUYING AN EBOOK FROM AN INDIE STORE) The Story of Land and Sea by Katy Simpson Smith   I was at an event for Smith Henderson’s Fourth of July Creek at Lemuria Books in Jackson, MS, and Katy was there. I thought she was great, so I dug right in as soon as I could. Y’all. It’s absolutely gorgeous. I’m reading it very slowly so I can absorb all the words like a sponge and weep when I’m finished. (galley) Rachel Manwill Brutal Youth by Anthony Breznican This was a case of “I picked this because of the cover.” (Audio) Everything I Never Told You by Celeste Ng I saw someone talking to the author on Twitter, and I looked up the title and it sounded amazing. I chimed in to the discussion, and the author offered to send me a copy. (galley) Amanda Nelson Grace (Eventually): Thoughts On Faith by Anne Lamott: I love Lamott and am working through her backlist (audio) Dombey and Son by Charles Dickens: well, it’s Dickens (paperback) Packing For Mars by Mary Roach: see above about Lamott, insert Roach’s name (library) Authority by Jeff VanderMeer: heard about the trilogy from several Rioters (paperback) Kim Ukura How Star Wars Conquered the Universe by Chris Taylor: I saw it while chatting with the publicists at the Basic Books table at Book Expo America and just had to read it. (Galley) Tasha Brandstatter Prince of Fire by Daniel Silva: I’m slowly working my way through the Gabriel Allon series (ebook from the library) The Doctor’s Wife by Mary Elizabeth Braddon: I enjoyed every soap opera-y moment of Lady Audley’s Secret, so I decided to download this one (audiobook from Librivox) Kelly Jensen The Doctor’s Wife by Daria Snadowsky (book): I read and loved the first book, so I picked up the sequel The Portable Dorothy Parker (book): I’ve never read Parker before, so I’m going all out between novel-reading. I am enjoying her short stories better than her poetry so far. EH Kern The Fall by Guillermo del Toro and Chuck Hogan (paperback): I’m working my way through The Strain trilogy. The Fall is part two. Sci-Fi Now (magazine). Monthly magazine on sci-fi, horror, and fantasy. It’s mostly focused on TV and movies but with ever-expanding books and games sections. I’ve subscribed since issue #1. It’s just great. Derek Attig Of Bone and Thunder by Chris Evans / The pitch (sword-and-sorcery fantasy in a Vietnam War-like context) both fascinated me and made me wary, so I figured I’d give it a try. (galley) People I want to Punch in the Throat: Competitive Crafters, Drop-Off Despots, and Other Suburban Scourges by Jen Mann / Despite not having kids (and not planning to have any), I have a soft spot for essays about parenting, especially if they’re weird and/or funny. (galley) Jeanette Solomon The Night Watch by Sarah Waters (paperback): I bought all of Waters’ novels after reading Fingersmith for the first time, and this is the last one I have left to read before her new book comes out this fall (but I recently got a galley and doubt I’ll be waiting that long to read it). Cassandra Neace The Water Wars by Cameron Stracher (ebook) / I recently read a galley for a YA novel called H20 that got me all kinds of curious about the role that water will play in the near future. Rivers by Michael Farris Smith (ebook) / This book looks to touch on the water thing, too. But it’s also Southern, specifically about the Gulf Coast, and I live there, so that’s interesting to me. And several Rioters are big fans, so that’s a plus. Johann Thorsson Cold in July by Joe Lansdale. The movie looked good and I keep hearing good things about Lansdale so I got it from Netgalley. Rogues. Anthology edited by Gardner Dozois and George R. R. Martin. Kindle version bought from Amazon, because it has stories by Neil Gaiman, Gillian Flynn, George Martin, Connie Willis, patrick Rothfuss and more and more. So far, awesome. Rachel Cordasco The Silver Star by Jeanette Walls: loaned to me by my mama- what a fantastic recommendation (paperback) Brenna Clarke Gray The Collected Essex County by Jeff Lemire: We’re writing about Essex County this month over at my other blogging home, Graphixia. This not only one of the best Canadian comics of the last decade by one of the best comics, period. (paperback) Irma Voth by Miriam Toews: I’m on a Toews kick since finishing her triumph, All My Puny Sorrows. (library hardcover) Jessica Pryde Vanity and Vexationby Kate Fenton: Was browsing at a used book store and saw a familiar title.  Realized it was one of the first books I added to my Goodreads to-read list in 2010and my Amazon wish list years before that, when I was a hugePride and Prejudice fanfic reader, published and online.  Figured I should get on it. (Paperback) As for Me My Salinger Year by Joanna Rakoff: The cover caught my eye at the bookstore. I opened it and read the first three pages and was HOOKED. Am really, really enjoying it! (Hardcover) Save

Cost of Capital for a Business Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

The cost of capital is an expected return that the provider of capital plans to earn on their investment. Capital used for funding a business should earn returns for the capital providers who risk their capital. For an investment to be worthwhile, the expected return on capital must be greater than the cost of capital. In other words, the risk-adjusted return on capital (that is, incorporating not just the projected returns, but the probabilities of those projections) must be higher than the cost of capital. The cost of debt is relatively simple to calculate, as it is composed of the rate of interest paid. In practice, the interest-rate paid by the company will include the risk-free rate plus a risk component, which itself incorporates a probable rate of default (and amount of recovery given default). For companies with similar risk or credit ratings, the interest rate is largely exogenous. Cost of equity is more challenging to calculate as equity does not pay a set return to its investors. Similar to the cost of debt, the cost of equity is broadly defined as the risk-weighted projected return required by investors, where the return is largely unknown. The cost of equity is therefore inferred by comparing the investment to other investments with similar risk profiles to determine the market c ost of equity. The cost of capital is often used as the discount rate, the rate at which projected cash flow will be discounted to give a present value or net present value. Cost of debt The cost of debt is computed by taking the rate on a risk free bond whose duration matches the term structure of the corporate debt, then adding a default premium. This default premium will rise as the amount of debt increases (since the risk rises as the amount of debt rises). Since in most cases debt expense is a deductible expense, the cost of debt is computed as an after tax cost to make it comparable with the cost of equity (earnings are after-tax as well). Thus, for profitable firms, debt is discounted by the tax rate. Basically this is used for large corporations only. The formula can be written as (RF + credit risk rate) (1-T), where T is the corporate tax rate and Rf is the risk free rate. Cost of equity Cost of equity = Risk free rate of return + Premium expected for risk Expected return The expected return (or required rate of return for investors) can be calculated with the dividend capitalization model, which is That equation is seen as, Expected Return = dividend yield + growth rate of dividends. Industry Cost of Capital: In layman language industry cost of capital is the average cost of the industry. It includes large firms to small firms cost in the same industry. There are advantage and disadvantage of considering the industry cost of capital. Advantage: When a new company wants to start a business or enter into particular industry they do not know the cost of capital. Because there are many hidden cost is involved in it. So it is advisable to start a business taking into consideration of industry cost of capital. Disadvantage: Many a times it happens that industry cost of capital is high as many large player are into business. So the average becomes high. For taking into consideration that if small company wants to enter into business and they take a industry cost of capital as a benchmark than decision may prove wrong. So, I have taken a example of automobile ancillary business for calculation of industry cost of capital. AUTOMOBILE ANCILLARY UNITS I have studied the capital structure of the automobile ancillary smes in NCR region . Company % of % of cost of cost of WACC Remark as name equity Debt equity Debt per industry Denso auto 11.91 88.08 45.03 0.3438 5.66 Below Motherson 76.08 23.91 12.75 1.71 10.01 Below Harigh 73.21 26.89 0 17.26 4.64 Below ANG auto 36.55 64.44 72.15 6.92 30.82 Above Roto pumps 67.61 32.38 0.33 5.78 2.09 Below Subros ltd. 32.97 67.02 41.37 30.18 33.86 Above Amtek auto 36.59 63.40 0.0647 0.6011 0.394 Below Amtek India 53.10 46.89 0.4307 0.3803 40.70 Above Bharat seets 56.17 43.28 0.0143 14.08 6.1 Below Clutch auto 7.86 92.14 3.35 39.22 62.46 Above TOTAL 452.05 548.43 175.45 116.47 196.8 AVERAGE 45.2 54.8 17.5 11.6 19.6 The cost of equity is 17.5 that means industry is paying higher interest to their equity shareholders. That indicates the industry is attractive in terms of investment. The cost of debt is 11.6 which imply that industry is getting loan on a moderate rate. Private firms There are three major differences between public and private firms in terms of analyzing optimal debt ratios. One is that unlike the case for publicly traded firms, we do not have a direct estimate of the market value of a private firm. Consequently, we have to estimate firm value before we move to subsequent stages in the analysis. The second difference relates to the cost of equity and how we arrive at that cost. Although we use betas to estimate the cost of equity for a public firm, that usage might not be well diversified. Finally whereas publicly traded firms tend to think of their cost of debt in terms of bond ratings and default spreads, private firms tend to borrow from banks. Banks assess default risk and charge the appropriate interest rates. To analyze the optimal debt ratio for a private firm, we make the following adjustments. First, we estimate the value of the private firm by looking at how publicly traded firms in the same business are priced by the market. Thus, if publicly traded firms in the businesses have market values that are roughly three times revenues, we would multiply the revenues of the private firm by this number to arrive at an estimated value. Second, we continue to estimate the costs of debt for a private firm using a bond rating, but the rating is synthetic, based on interest coverage ratios. We tend to require much higher interest coverage ratio is to arrive at the same rating, to reflect the fact that banks are likely to be more conservative in assessing default risk at small, private firms. Company cost of capital: company cost of capital is the rate of return expected by the existing capital provider. It reflects the business risk of existing asset and the capital structure currently employed. If a firms wants to use its companys cost of capital, popularly called weighted average cost of capital, for evaluating a new investment. Two conditions should be satisfied. The business risk of the new investment is the same as the average business risk of existing business. In other words new investment will not change the risk complexion of the firm. The capital structure of the firm will not be affected by the new investments. Put differently, the firm will continue to follow the same financing policy. Firms specific factors Firms Tax rate The tax rate benefits from debt increase as the tax rate goes up .in relative terms, firms with higher taxes rates will have higher optimal debt ratios than will firms with lower tax rates, other things being equal. It also follows that a firms optimal debt ratio will increase as its tax rate increases. At a 0 percent tax rate, the optimal debt ratio is zero for all three firms. Without the benefits that accrue from taxes, the rationale for using debt disappears. As the tax rate increases, the optimal debt ratios increase for all three firms but significant at different rates. Pretax returns on the firm The most significant determinant of the optimal debt ratio is a firms earnings capacity. In fact, the operating income as a percentage of the market value of the firm is usually good indicator of the optimal debt ratio number is high the optimal debt ratio will also be high. A firm with higher pretax earnings can sustain much more debt as a proportion of the market value of the firm because debt payments can be met much more easily from prevailing earnings. Variance in operating income The variance in operating income analysis in two ways. First it plays a role in determining the current beta: firms with high variance in operating income tend to have high beta. Second the volatility in operating income can be one of the factors determining bond ratings at different levels of debt ratings drop off much more dramatically for higher variance firms as debt levels are increased. It follows that firms with higher variance in operating income will have lower optimal debt ratios the variance in operating income also plays a role in the constrained analysis , because higher variance firms are much more likely to register significant drops in operating income. Consequently the decision to increase debt should be made much more cautiously for these firms. Comparing to industry average Firms sometimes choose their financing mixes by looking at the average debt ratio of other firms in the industry in which they operate, the operating at a debt ratio slightly higher than those of other firms in the industry in both market and book value terms, where as a market debt ratio slightly higher than the average firm but a book debt ratio which is slightly lower. That firms is comparison are that firms within the same industry are comparable and that, on average , these firms are operating at or close to their optimal .firms within the same industry can have different product mixes , different amounts of operating risk, different tax rates and different project returns . Comparable firm A firm similar to the firm being analyzed in terms of underlying risk, growth and cash flows patterns. The conventional definition of comparable firm is one that is in the same business as the one being analyzed and of similar size. There is a data set online that summarizes market value and book value debt ratios by industry, in addition to other relevant characteristics. Conclusion: It is a advisable for the new company to calculate industry cost of capital rather than cost of capital estimated for a single firm. Industry cost of capital show true as well as overall nature of business in the industry. While firms cost of capital is the mirror of only single firm. As we have seen many variation in the every firm in the same industry. So, it is better to calculate industry cost of capital rather than firms cost of capital. Many times it happens many firms do not show their true and fair view of cost of capital. It may Access or sometimes less. We have always probability that single firm may manipulate the number. Hidden cost may not see in their calculation. So that is why the industry cost of capital is better for decision making.

The Future In Technology Essay - 617 Words

Can you imagine a machine so big it dwarfs entire planets? Can you imagine a machine with a single goal, a single purpose? Can you see it, hovering in space, blotting out the stars, so big it bends thought? Can you imagine a machine so complex that no human has ever even tried to understand it, and yet the machine exists because humans built it in the first place? A machine consisting of entire worlds, entire ecosystems powered by chemicals and energy regulated by computers that build and program themselves. Imagine these worlds connected by transport and communications systems, always kept up to date automatically, and modified as needed by the people who live in these habitats. Can you imagine a machine that makes money obsolete,†¦show more content†¦Can you see the hundreds of spheres being suspended in perfect harmony, each sphere containing an atmosphere with a functioning food chain and energy-tree, genetically perfect, everything held in place by massive computers. All this simply because a member of the human race desired such a world to live on. An entire Eco-sphere designed, built, genetically engineered to fulfill the needs of a single human. Do you want a desert environment, with light rains in the mornings, or do you want an ocean world, with crystal living quarters twenty miles under water that glows in the dark? Whateve r you want, this machine will design it for you, creating new technology and materials where necessary if necessary. Can you imagine how many needs a trillion humans have each day, how many needs this machine is forced to fulfill simply because its programmed to? Can you imagine the strain this machine is under? Can you imagine the minerals and energy needed to keep such a system working? Can you imagine the computer at the core of all this, the master that drives all this, the computer that controls everything this machine has ever done? This master computer contains a single line of code. Can you see all this in your mind? Can you imagine what this code must look like? What kind of genius wrote this code? He wasnt a genius, and the code is simple enough for a five-year-old to understand. quot;Make Humans Happyquot;. This entireShow MoreRelatedThe Future Of Technology And Technology1633 Words   |  7 PagesPrey Report Earth: a place of rapidly-evolving, diverse organisms with technology so advanced that it is frightening to most people. It is truly crazy that the technology that powers robots and tangible devices/machines are as powerful as it is. In the current technological world, complex machines, including humanoid robots for example, are designed to move and do human actions. Alongside humanoid robots, there are hundreds upon hundreds of new technological advancements that make abilities of machinesRead MoreTechnology And Technology : The Future Of Technology861 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in an industry. Technology is probably the most evolved form of work known to businesses and people alike. We have seen us going from floppy disks to flash drives; from typewriters to keyboards capable of backspacing without having to start over and probably one of the most innovative changes have been the brick like phones and phones alike to the main use of sleek iPhones. The main idea and purpose for phonesRead MoreFuture Of Technology704 Words   |  3 Pages Technology is a part of our past, present, and future. Without technology who knows where our society would be right now. As we find new technology and improve current technology, it changes our future. The future is very uncertain, but the one thing we do know is that technology will continue to become more advanced and change our lives. Looking back in the early days where technology was very limited, to where our society is astonishing. The telephone was a huge technology jump. Alexander GrahamRead MoreThe Future Of Technology828 Words   |  4 Pages1. Tech Giants, Once Seen as Saviors, Are Now Viewed as Threats- Oct. 12, 2017 Technology companies such as Facebook, Google, and Amazon were once seen as the pinnacle of innovation for not only the U.S, but the entire globe; This image has changed. With social media being used as a tool for interference in the 2016 presidential election by the Russians and companies like Google and Amazon withholding mass amounts of information regarding user’s shopping habits and personal lives, experts are changingRead MoreFuture And Future Of Mobile Technology2349 Words   |  10 PagesHajrah Javaid HAP 461 Afshin Pashai Future of Mobile Technology in Medicine As the global use of technology is increasing on a daily basis, it is having a huge effect on daily lives too; most people are using laptops, smartphones, tablets or iPads on a daily basis. Technology is the progression and the way of creating change in our lives. Specifically, mobile technology, technology which is portable, has taken the spotlight; as it has created mediums to give people the ability to connect and communicateRead MoreThe Components Of The Future IT And Technology823 Words   |  4 PagesIT and Technology Part one Future IT Infrastructure The future IT infrastructure that Mark needs is the original Prusa is MK2 3D printer that has a build volume of 250 X 210 X 200 thus having the ability to produce high quality printed items and products. The hardware is relatively cheap with the market rate price being approximately $600. The additional components of the 3D system that Mark needs to offer to the business include shape generators, convertors, 3D operating system, special computersRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Future1049 Words   |  5 Pagesis all related to different industries, and how they will turn out to be in the future. First, he discusses information technology, in which he tells the audience about Moore’s Law (p. 58). He uses Moore’s Law to describe the effect that technology will have in the future on IT. Then, he goes on to discuss the risk that white-collar jobs face from automation. One aspect of his evidence is â€Å"Quill†, which is a technology that is used by media out lets to produce articles about various subjects includingRead MoreBiomimicry: Technology of the Future739 Words   |  3 Pagesbetter emerge technology. For example when one thinks of humpback whales, they normally think of water. But now, through the process of biomimicry, and through a company called WhalePower who is studying them, the structure of the humpback whale flippers are being put on wind turbines to make them more efficient. (4, 5) The average size of the humpback whale flipper is normally  ¼ of the body size. (7) The use of humpback whale flippers doesn’t stop there, because in the near future, they will beRead MoreThe Prediction of the Future of Technology742 Words   |  3 PagesTHE PREDICTION OF THE FUTURE OF TECHNOLOGY The Machine Stops â€Å"is a science-fiction story written by E.M. Forster in 1909. The story starts with a conversation between mother and son they lived on opposite sides of the world . The mother was named Vashti and her son was named Kuno. The story portrays how the technological world will be like thousand years from now. The description of the setting sounds more like what is happening in today. With Facebook twitter, Skype, WhatsApp and all the communicationRead MoreTechnology And The Future Workforce Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesfit into it, Adaptation is a must. Eventually, we as a species will become like our devices. The future workforce must be able to open their minds to what achievements can be made when technology and nature are no longer separate. The boundaries of what we can do will be pushed in the future and those working in it will need to know how to operate within this new set of boundaries and the new technology and regulations that will be acquired as we ll. Many people will become makers. They will also be

The Origins Of Humanity And Major Periods Middle Ages,...

Exam One: Origin of Humanity Alexis Jayne Milligan Bethune-Cookman University SS 245 WO Interdisciplinary Social Science Dr. Dorcas E. McCoy April 10, 2016 This paper will discuss the origins of humanity and three major periods: Middle Ages, Renaissance, and Enlightenment. The relevance of evolution, natural selection via Charles Darwin, intelligent design, and scientific creationism. Then the human thought and social thought on these epochs will be further debated. Biblical reference has strongly impacted society. Church and State will be discussed and compared and contrasted to show the separation. Humankind was said to originate in several different ways. The two that the text focuses on, deal with the controversial topic of science and faith. The evolution theory is that of a good one and basically shows us about the Survival of the fittest. Science is based on a series of proven theories and facts. However, religion and its beliefs are based on the biblical interpretations and the spread of stories through its word. The long-standing issue is that between religion and science has molded the concept of Church and State. The relevance of the concepts stated before to include, natural selection, intelligent design, scientific creationism all play a major role in today s humanity, social life and the way humans think. The goal of this paper is to not only inform but to open your views on the origin of humanity. Charles Darwin was an English biologist thatShow MoreRelatedComparison of the Renaissance and Enlightenment.3470 Words   |  14 PagesRenaissance means rebirth or recov ery, has its origins in Italy and is associated with the rebirth of antiquity or Greco-Roman civilization. The age of the Renaissance is believed to elapse over a period of about two centuries, approximately from 1350 to 1550. Above all, the Renaissance was a recovery from the Middle Ages and all the disasters associated with it: the Black Death, economic, political and social crises. For the intellectuals, it was a period of recovery from the Dark Ages; aRead MoreThe Creation Of Western Civilization2015 Words   |  9 Pagesfoundation of ancient Greece, our present humanity has evolved itself to be focused on the value of each individual. The contradiction in terms of Western civilization, however, was also was made obvious right from the start. The Greek’s attention on individuals arose from a slavery based society. The focus on individual rights created both a democratic system and an increase in learning, as well as scientific revolutions that would remain unique until t he Renaissance. Adding onto the Greek groundwork,Read MoreIs Renaissance Music Influential?1222 Words   |  5 PagesIs Renaissance Music Influential? Many different things are influential in many different ways. Whether it be how the sinking of the Titanic caused many changes in the regulations of ships, or how Newton’s law of universal gravitation helped to inspire Einstein’s theory of general relativity. As well as catastrophic events and scientific laws, works in the field of music have also been influential. For example, Jacques Offenbach’s Infernal Galop was used as the music for the Can-can, a popular danceRead MoreThe Philosophers And Theologians Of The Middle Ages1837 Words   |  8 PagesThe philosophers and theologians of the Middle Ages were aware of the limits of their Western European geography. Possessed with the knowledge of other countries and empires, but unable to actually travel there, these thinkers were tormented by their lack of information. Relying on stories told by merchants and sailors, local tales and legends, as well as varied and inaccurate ancient histories, they tried to cobble together maps, travelogues, and books detailing as much of the world as they knewRead MoreAge of Enlightenment and Century5169 Words   |  21 Pages RENAISSANCE 1. 77: To what extent and in what ways may the Renaissance be regarded as a turning point in the Western intellectual and cultural tradition? 2. 81: Compare the ways in which two works of art reproduced below express the artistic, philosophical and cultural values of their times. (Pictures of Michelangelo s David and Giacometti s Man Pointing 1947). 3. 82: Compare and contrast the cultural values of the Enlightenment with thoseRead MoreIwc1 Literature, Arts and Humanities Essay10028 Words   |  41 PagesIWC1 Test 1.02 Module Pre-Test Question 1: Multiple Choice The historical revival of Classical culture began during the: a) Middle Ages b) Renaissance c) Baroque Era d) Romantic Era Feedback: The correct answer is b. The historical revival of Classical culture began during the Renaissance. Question 2: Multiple Choice Which of the following was a key feature of ancient Chinese humanism? a) An emphasis on theoretical philosophy. b) A subordination of intellectual life to religiousRead More Are We in a Post-Modern Age? Essay example2828 Words   |  12 PagesThis paper answers the question: Are We in a Post-Modern Age? Post-Modernism can be described as a particular style of thought. It is a concept that correlates the emergence of new features and types of social life and economic order in a culture; often called modernization, post-industrial, consumer, media, or multinational capitalistic societies. In Modernity, we have the sense or idea that the present is discontinuous with the past, that through a process of social, technological, andRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pages and is typified by disputes between dualism and materialism. In recent years there have been increasing similarities, between this branch of philosophy and cognitive science. †¢ Philosophy of language is the reasoned inquiry into the nature, origins, and usage of language. Most academic subjects have a philosophy, for example the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of logic, the philosophy of law, and the philosophy of history. In addition, a range of academicRead MoreEnglish Preromanticism: William Blake3403 Words   |  14 Pagescentury was a period of great literary works which focused on public and general themes, until the Preromantic era when literary works began to focus on personal expression. The Preromantic period presents the gap between the Enlightenment period and the Romantic period. The period of Enlightenment was a time of extensive change in people’s lives and ways of thinking. Economic and social advancement of the middle classes also helped to characterize the social history behind the Enlightenment movementRead MoreHumanities11870 Words   |  48 Pagesappreciate art more fully. HUMANITIES: What is it? †¢ The term Humanities comes from the Latin word, â€Å"humanitas† †¢ It generally refers to art, literature, music, architecture, dance and the theatre—in which human subjectivity is emphasized and individual expressiveness is dramatized. HOW IMPORTANT IS HUMANITIES †¢ The fields of knowledge and study falling under humanities are dedicated to the pursuit of discovering and understanding the nature of man. †¢ The humanities deal with man as a being

Maslow s The Hierarchy Of Needs - 1769 Words

Summary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Jennifer Thompson Arkansas Tech University Author Note This individual research paper is being submitted on October 13, 2014 for Loretta Cochran’s Management [BUAD 3123] course. Summary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realization and fulfillments and that behavior could be gratified while using multiple types of needs at the same time. Maslow wanted to find positive motivation as to why people react or engage in certain behaviors. He felt that basic survival was based upon his five theories and that long lasting success could be mastered upon the completion of these theories. Maslow based his observations on positive healthy individuals because he felt his predecessors gave too much attention to human weaknesses. He chose his samples very specifically primarily, males of high political and social status that were acknowledged by many as being distinguished and smart. Beginning in 1943 Maslow’s theories established the four basic needs and then before 1954 he added the fifth label. According to research in 1970 there was added an extended three levels to the hierarchy but not all accounts are given to Maslow but to those that may have contributed to the study. The first four basic theories areShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 PagesMaslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, choose a be tter one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslow’s hierarchy of needs The Maslow’s hierarchy of needsRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1536 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of how to motivate different personality types. In the research I am going to compare Maslow’s hierarchy of needs against Lawrence and Nohira’s 4 drive theory in an attempt to better understand their possible uses inside an organizational structure. Let’s first take a look a look at the two theories before discussing their potential benefit. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. We need to keep in mind that Maslow’s field was phycology, so his research was done from a medical viewpoint more soRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1524 Words   |  7 PagesSummary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realization and fulfillments and that behavior could be gratified while using multiple types of needs at the same time. Maslow wanted to find positive motivation as to why people react or engage in certain behaviors. He felt that basic survivalRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1295 Words   |  6 PagesMaslow’s hierarchy of needs (p. 379 in EP)? Outline each level and discuss how it relates to motivation. Abraham Maslow was born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He originally studied law because of the influence of my parents, but after marrying his first cousin, Bertha Goodman, and moving to Wisconsin, he became interested in psychology. After achieving his Masters in Psychology, Maslow moved back to Brooklyn and started teaching at a school there. â€Å"One of the many interesting things Maslow noticedRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs982 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Maslow was one of the most influential and important educational psychologists and is recognized by many for his theory on mankind’s hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s theory which is known as â€Å"Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs† is best explained as a pyramid of needs that we as humans must meet in order to progress to another stage of needs. There are five stages in the pyramid of needs and they go as follows: physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and finally self-actualization. MaslowRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1498 Words   |  6 Pagesjust want to survive in life they want to flourish. Maslow s hierarchy of needs explains to us a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. While the interactionist point of view explains how humans are social creatures and social interaction is just as important as all of the other needs listed on Maslow’s Model. Maslow s hierarchy of needs is a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. Corrections Today explains that Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist born in New York, heRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1846 Words   |  8 PagesAbraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of needs (HON) to try and explain human psychological developments and how these manifest themselves into a worker’s life. We will explore some issues brought up by the model and why it may lack a certain the degree of unification and how it could potentially work better if entwined with other views. Motivation is the â€Å"word derived from the word ’motive’ It’s the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals† (guide, 2017) Also, MaslowRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pages This international technology company demands strong motivation, stupendous leadership and great understanding between workers. Leaders need to create willingness amongst the employees to operate at their highest potential; this willingness is referred to as motivation. This report is based on a content/needs theory of motivation (Maslow’s hierarchy of needs). It consists of two pieces of primary research on the theory. The first one summarises worker motivation on selected construction sites inRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1388 Words   |  6 Pages Abraham Maslow was an American philosopher who was born in the early 1990 s in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of the leading theorists that promoted humanistic psychology during his era. Maslow sought to understand what motivates and inspires individuals. He theorized that individuals possess and hold a group of motivation and incentive systems not related to plunder or insensible desires. Maslow declared that people are motivated and provoked to attain certain needs. When one need is fulfilledRead MoreThe Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay1014 Words   |  5 Pages Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Submitted by: Deepali Kotecha (student number: 4288370) Submitted to: Mr Simon Bishop Date: 14th November 2016 Introduction to management University of Nottingham First year coursework Table of contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Introduction Running and managing a successful company requires strenuous efforts. Organisations are forced to be flexible, efficient and productive to excel at their performance. This

Psychoanalysis Notion Of Memory - 1112 Words

Any fixedness for the subject can only arise out of a constant repetition of engagement in the environment that she finds herself within. For psychoanalysis, subjectivation is the result of constant repetition. As with all psychoanalysis, this conclusion comes empirical observerations from the couch; Freud observed that patients would repeat what happened in their past rather than articulate their past verbally, demonstrating the corporeality that is found in psychoanalysis notion of memory.1 Key to psychoanalysis is the notion of making active of what was passive beforehand, by making what was passive, active, the subject asserts herself as distinct and in control from the external world.2 The more that this mimesis takes place, the†¦show more content†¦After being removed from this comforting dyad, the child now has remain removed in order to strengthen and assert their subjectivity. If there remains no tension that comes from the separation, the child is unable to distin guish between self and other and the subject and object. At this stage, the child is having intense difficulty with organizing their experiences and various different parts of the body. For psychoanalysis, separating form the mother is an incredibly difficult but a fundamentally necessary process. The rigidification of the subject from this continual process of ambiguity and difficulty occurs when the child sees its own reflection. While prior to around the age of two, the child remains in an ambiguous state of subjectivation, in which subject, object and external and intenrnal are still incredibly difficult to separate from one another. The child only begins to see itself as a distinct and independent entity, when looking at the gestallt of the entirely organized and unitary reflection. The masterful appearance of the child s reflection is contrasted with the ambiguous and slave-like characteristics of the child as it currently is. This contrast and inadequacy that the baby has with the rigid structure of its own reflection forms the basis of the I that the subject will continue to emulate or attempt to idealize throughout her entire life. By identifying withShow MoreRelatedFirst Up Is Psychoanalysis And A Good Definition To Give1354 Words   |  6 PagesFirst up is psychoan alysis and a good definition to give is that this therapy deals with past unconscious mental patterns that came from childhood. This therapy was developed by Sigmund Freud and he was known for being very interested in the unconscious. Furthermore on the treatment type, it focuses on deep-rooted that most softened stemmed from childhood. By doing this therapy it lets the clients learn how to bring by repressed memories or experiences that could be casing distress. Let us look atRead MoreMental Health Issues and the Psychodynamic Approach Essay595 Words   |  3 PagesThe basic concept behind psychoanalysis is that a patient that suffers from mental health problems such as depression can address any regressed feelings thus, the patient gains insight of and can learn to work through their emotional ‘baggage’. It is a generalised notion that if the cause of the symptoms were tackled it would only be logical that the symptoms would desist. The psychodynamic approach is mainly comprised of ideas and notions suggested by Sigmund FreudRead MoreSnapshot1702 Words   |  7 PagesPsychoanalysis From the 1890s until his death in 1939, the Austrian physician Sigmund Freud developed a method of psychotherapy known as psychoanalysis. Freuds understanding of the mind was largely based on interpretive methods, introspection and clinical observations, and was focused in particular on resolving unconscious conflict, mental distress and psychopathology. Freuds theories became very well-known, largely because they tackled subjects such as sexuality, repression, and the unconsciousRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1568 Words   |  7 Pagesessay will begin with his biography explaining how he comes up with his theories and discuss his main concept on unconsciousness and sexual behaviour. Lastly, briefly go through his psychoanalysis techniques. Freud develops his concept on psychoanalysis from what he had experienced. Known as the father of psychoanalysis, Freud is born in 1856 in Austria, given the name Sigismund Schlomo Freud (The European Graduate School, 2012). Freud Sigmund suffered from losses during his childhood that cause hisRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1222 Words   |  5 PagesIn the early twentieth century of Europe, an Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis named Sigmund Freud constructed an original approach to the understanding of human psychology. Prior to the founding of psychoanalysis, mental illness was thought to come from some kind of deterioration or disease rooted in the brain. The certitude that physical diseases of the brain induced mental illness signified that psychological origins were disregarded. Freud insisted on studying the topic hopingRead More freud Essay617 Words   |  3 Pagesthe significant origin of the symptoms of mental disorders. That’s the origin of the repressed memory therapy that Freud discovered with his patients. Freud says â€Å" Staring out from the mechanism of cure, it now become possible to construct quite definite ideas of the origin of the illness†. Of course there are a lot of mental illnesses that are known and treated with the repressed memory therapy such as sexual abuse, however the large number of the mental diseases not always â€Å"repression†Read MorePsychoanalytical Approach And Cognitive Approach1434 Words   |  6 Pageswhich these perspectives have been applied. Lastly an analysis of the similarities and differences between the two perspectives. Psychoanalysis was created by Sigmund Freud in 1856-1939. Psychoanalysis is used to treat depression and anxiety disorder. Its only by cathartic can a person be cured. Cathartic experience is expressing feelings to get closure. Psychoanalysis therapy helps to release repressed emotions which are in the unconscious to be the conscious. This is what Freud believed gettingRead MoreEssay on Psychoanalysis and Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1134 Words   |  5 PagesPsychoanalysis and The Heart of Darkness  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In Lacanian psychoanalysis, telling stories is essential to the analysands (re)cognition of trauma. Julia Kristeva refers to the analysands narrative as an instance of borderline [neurotic] discourse which gives the analyst the impression of something alogical, unstitched, and chaotic (42). She then explores the pleasure (jouissance) that the analysand experiences in the course of Lacans talking cure. For the analysand, the pleasureRead MoreThe Topic Of Visual Arts929 Words   |  4 Pageschange how they feel. An example of this in relation to visual arts would be the use of creativity therapy to enforce self-expression and positive emotions. ïÆ'Ëœ Psychoanalysis: Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic approach developed by Sigmund Freud. It mainly focuses on one’s repressed unconscious thoughts. In relation to visual art, psychoanalysis might use an approach called the Rorschach inkblot test in dream therapy/dream analysis, where they would use inkblots, drawings or handwriting for the patientRead MoreAn Era Of Hard Work And Self Analysis Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pagessketches of Freudian slides, gained a wide audience for his theories of the mind. Freud’s findings on the hidden portion of the human mind, have been now widely accepted by the most schools of psychological thought. Known as â€Å"the father of psychoanalysis,† Freud’s work has been greatly dominant in the accepted imagination, popularizing such concepts as the unconscious, defense mechanisms, Freudian omissions and dream symbolism, while as well making a long-lasting impress on several fields as literature

The Decree Abolishing the Feudal System, August 11, 1789 Free Essays

The Decree Abolishing the Feudal System, August 11, 1789 The abolition of the feudal system, which took place during the famous night session of August 4-5, 1789, was caused by the reading of a report on the misery and disorder which prevailed in the provinces. The National Assembly, in a fervor of enthusiasm and excitement, straightaway abolished many of the ancient abuses. The document here given is the revised decree, completed a week later. We will write a custom essay sample on The Decree Abolishing the Feudal System, August 11, 1789 or any similar topic only for you Order Now ARTICLE I. The National Assembly hereby completely abolishes the feudal system. It decrees that, among the existing rights and dues, both feudal and censuel, all those originating in or representing real or personal serfdom shall be abolished without indemnification. All other dues are declared redeemable, the terms and mode of redemption to be fixed by the National Assembly. Those of the said dues which are not extinguished by this decree shall continue to be collected until indemnification shall take place. II. The exclusive right to maintain pigeon houses and dovecotes is abolished. The pigeons shall be confined during the seasons fixed by the community. During such periods they shall be looked upon as game, and every one shall have the right to kill them upon his own land. III. The exclusive right to hunt and to maintain uninclosed warrens is likewise abolished, and every landowner shall have the right to kill, or to have destroyed on his own land, all kinds of game, observing, however, such police regulations as may be established with a view to the safety of the public. All hunting capitaineries, including the royal forests, and all hunting rights under whatever denomination, are likewise abolished. Provision shall be made, however, in a manner compatible with the regard due to property and liberty, for maintaining the personal pleasures of the king. The president of the Assembly shall be commissioned to ask of the king the recall of those sent to the galleys or exiled, simply for violations of the unting regulations, as well as for the release of those at present imprisoned for offenses of this kind, and the dismissal of such cases as are now pending. IV. All manorial courts are hereby suppressed without indemnification. But the magistrates of these courts shall continue to perform their functions until such time as the National Assembly shall provide for the establishment of a new judicial system. V. Tithes of every description, as well as the dues which have been substituted for them, under whatever denomination they are known or collected (even when compounded for), possessed by secular or regular congregations, by holders of benefices, members of corporations (including the Order of Malta and other religious and military orders), as well as those devoted to the maintenance of churches, those impropriated to lay persons, and those substituted for the portion congrue, are abolished, on condition, however, that some other method be devised to provide for the expenses of divine worship, the support of the officiating clergy, for the assistance of the poor, for repairs and rebuilding of churches and parsonages, and for the maintenance of all institutions, seminaries, schools, academies, asylums, and organizations to which the present funds are devoted. Until such provision shall be made and the former possessors shall enter upon the enjoyment of an income on the new system, the National Assembly decrees that the said tithes shall continue to be collected according to law and in the customary manner. Other tithes, of whatever nature they may be, shall be redeemable in such manner as the Assembly shall determine. Until this matter is adjusted, the National Assembly decrees that these, too, shall continue to be collected. VI. All perpetual ground rents, payable either in money or in kind, of whatever nature they may be, whatever their origin and to whomsoever they may be due, . . . shall be redeemable at a rate fixed by the Assembly. No due shall in the future be created which is not redeemable. VII. The sale of judicial and municipal offices shall be abolished forthwith. Justice shall be dispensed gratis. Nevertheless the magistrates at present holding such offices shall continue to exercise their functions and to receive their emoluments until the Assembly shall have made provision for indemnifying them. VIII. The fees of the country priests are abolished, and shall be discontinued so soon as provision shall be made for increasing the minimum salary [portion congrue] of the parish priests and the payment to the curates. A regulation shall be drawn up to determine the status of the priests in the towns. IX. Pecuniary privileges, personal or real, in the payment of taxes are abolished forever. Taxes shall be collected from all the citizens, and from all property, in the same manner and in the same form. Plans shall be considered by which the taxes shall be paid proportionally by all, even for the last six months of the current year. X. Inasmuch as a national constitution and public liberty are of more advantage to the provinces than the privileges which some of these enjoy, and inasmuch as the surrender of such privileges is essential to the intimate union of all parts of the realm, it is decreed that all the peculiar privileges, pecuniary or otherwise, of the provinces, principalities, districts, cantons, cities, and communes, are once for all abolished and are absorbed into the law common to all Frenchmen. XI. All citizens, without distinction of birth, are eligible to any office or dignity, whether ecclesiastical, civil, or military; and no profession shall imply any derogation. XII. Hereafter no remittances shall be made for annates or for any other purpose to the court of Rome, the vice legation at Avignon, or to the nunciature at Lucerne. The clergy of the diocese shall apply to their bishops in regard to the filling of benefices and dispensations, the which shall be granted gratis without regard to reservations, expectancies, and papal months, all the churches of France enjoying the same freedom. XIII. [This article abolishes various ecclesiastical dues. ] XIV. Pluralities shall not be permitted hereafter in cases where the revenue from the benefice or benefices held shall exceed the sum of three thousand livres. Nor shall any individual be allowed to enjoy several pensions from benefices, or a pension and a benefice, if the revenue which he already enjoys from such sources exceeds the same sum of three thousand livres. XV. The National Assembly shall consider, in conjunction with the king, the report which is to be submitted to it relating to pensions, favors, and salaries, with a view to suppressing all such as are not deserved, and reducing those which shall prove excessive; and the amount shall be fixed which the king may in the future disburse for this purpose. XVI. The National Assembly decrees that a medal shall be struck in memory of the recent grave and important deliberations for the welfare of France, and that a Te Deum shall be chanted in gratitude in all the parishes and the churches of France. XVII. The National Assembly solemnly proclaims the king, Louis XVI, the Restorer of French Liberty. XVIII. The National Assembly shall present itself in a body before the king, in order to submit to him the decrees which have just been passed, to tender to him the tokens of its most respectful gratitude, and to pray him to permit the Te Deum to be chanted in his chapel, and to be present himself at this service. XIX. The National Assembly shall consider, immediately after the constitution, the drawing up of the laws necessary for the development of the principles which it has laid down in the present decree. The latter shall be transmitted by the deputies without delay to all the provinces, together with the decree of the 10th of this month, in order that it may be printed, published, read from the parish pulpits, and posted up wherever it shall be deemed necessary. How to cite The Decree Abolishing the Feudal System, August 11, 1789, Essay examples

1. Clearly Stated Topic Sentence. Essay Example For Students

1. Clearly Stated Topic Sentence. Essay 2. Clearly stated characteristics in individual sentences3. Clearly stated support of the characteristics4. Correct spellingThe excerpt from The Deerslayer by James Fenimore Cooper is a good example ofRomanticism. The first characteristic of Romanticism that fits this excerpt is focuses on aindividual. It focuses on Natty Bumppo. He was the main character in the story. It told allabout when he got captured by the Hurons. Also how the tortured him. The secondcharacteristic of Romanticism that fits this story is Interest in the past, because this bookwas written in that 1840s and took place in the 1740s. The third characteristic ofRomanticism that fit this excerpt is love of country, because he wrote about an old NewYork colony. The fourth Characteristics of Romanticism that fits this excerpt is emphasison emotions. Bravery was shown by Natty Bumppo when the hurons were throwingTomahawks at him, and he didnt even blink, or when they were throwing knifes andshooting rifles at him he still didnt blink. This story also showed love by Chingachgookwhen he went back to rescue Natty Bumppo. Respect was also show in this story by thehurons toward the Deerslayer when they were throwing weapons and shooting rifles athim, and he didnt blink. That is why this story is a good example of Romanticism

The Death Penalty Should Continue to be Used in th Essay Example For Students

The Death Penalty Should Continue to be Used in th Essay e U.S. Ever since the death penalty has been declared constitutional in 1976, thousands of people have been placed on death row and 314 of them have been executed.( Yaffe,1) Thirty-eight states now allow the death penalty, with New York being the last to adapt this legislation last March. Massachusetts and Iowa have been trying to pass a law that would to allow the death penalty to be used in their states. Capital punishment is most often saved for murder and sometimes arson, treason, burglary, and forcible rape of a 14 year old or under from a 18 year old or older, but it varies within each state. There are many politicians who are trying to pass laws banning the death penalty. There are around 3000 people on death row across the country right now and if these politicians get their way, then 3000 lives will be spared.(Matthews,1) The rage of this issue continues to persist with many people questioning if capital punishment is really the answer to solving the problem of crime. The death pen alty should be allowed because it is not inhumane but rather fair and its continued use will end up helping out society in many ways. Many people who oppose the death penalty say it is inhumane and unfair. These people who oppose it say that all human life has the right to be respected. All human life does have the right to be respected but there is a point when that right can be lost, if someone takes the life of another human being then they have given up that right. Another claim the opposers to the death penalty make is that the death penalty encourages more murders because if people see the authority taking someones life, then they will think they can do it too. This is not true, if criminals see that more and more people are getting the death penalty, this will cause them to think their actions over. The United Kingdom abolished the death penalty in 1965 and since then, violent crime has more than doubled.(Matthews,2) The death penalty is not inhumane because it can be done pa inlessly and quickly. In most cases when the execution was performed the process that was most often used was lethal injection. Out of the 314 executions that have taken place since 1976 the majority of them, 179 have been done by means of lethal injection. The electric chair has been used 123 times, the gas chamber: 9 times, a firing squad: twice, and hanging: once.(Rodriquez, 4) Lethal injection is a quick, non-suffering way to execute the death row prisoners. Opposers to the death penalty dont even realize that these inmates are being done a favor. By being executed, they are being put out of their misery. There are not that many people who want to be stuck in a small cell for the rest of their life where prison rape has become more common. By executing these prisoners, they wont have to suffer. Another reason the people who oppose the death penalty feel that it is unfair is that it denies the person the privilege to be retried if any new evidence comes up. On the average, an inm ate in kept in prison 8 years before their death sentence is carried out.(Yaffe,2) If no evidence is found by then to prove their true innocence, chances are no evidence will ever be found. Besides anyone who is on death row has already gone through a trial so they had their chance to prove their innocence. The jury obviously found them guilty beyond a reasonable doubt and decided they should get the death penalty. Justice has already prevailed. Even though the Old Testament book of Exodus commands Thou shall not kill, just three chapters later in the same book it is advocating life for life, eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.The death penalty can be justified because it can be done painlessly, it is actually putting the prisoners out of their misery, and the prisoner has to deal with the consequences from what they did.The death penalty also keeps dangerous criminals from ever returning to the .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f , .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .postImageUrl , .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f , .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:hover , .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:visited , .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:active { border:0!important; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:active , .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueeb9b1feedc59b8917635bc26fcbc02f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: NIKE Essay

Poetry Essays - Rhyme, Figures Of Speech, Rhetorical Techniques

Poetry Essays - Rhyme, Figures Of Speech, Rhetorical Techniques Poetry POETRY REPORT 1. THE DANCE The song The Dance was written by Country Music star Garth Brooks in 1989. To Garth The Dance has many meanings, such as a love gone bad or life. He really thinks that it is about the loss of the people who gave up their life as an ultimate sacrifice. Some of these people are John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. I chose this song because it is one of my favorites and the meaning that it gives to the listener. The meaning is that life is better left to live and chance than to miss everything by not do anything or even living. Throughout the song many of the poetic terms are used. The rhyme scheme that is used is that the first verse has no rhyme in it. The chorus, second verse and the tag have the first two lines and the second two lines rhyme with each other. The tone that is displayed is sad but if the person didn?t take a chance he wouldn?t of had anything at all. ?The dance we shared ?neath the stars above? shows the imagery of the song. A metaphor is used in ?I could have missed the pain but I?d of had to miss the dance. The dance is referring to life and the pain is where the person never lived or did anything at all. The line that is repeated, or the refrain, is?I could have missed the pain but I?d of had to miss the dance.? There are four stanzas present in the song. The mood that is given to the reader is sympathetic and/or empathetic. Similes and personification are not used. 2.ELDORADO The poem Eldorado was written by Edgar Allan Poe on April 21, 1849. Eldorado was a ?Golden City? to the Spanish Conquistadors that they never found. In the poem the knight is looking for this special thing, and he travels all his life to find it. The knight is very sad and never finds what he is looking for. Later in the poem he starts to die (it?s actually later in his life). The knight finds a vision and asks it why he cannot find what he is looking for. The vision tells him where it is and that it could be unreachable if he did not continue looking for it. The vision encourages the knight not to give up and to always try really hard to achieve your goals. I chose this poem because it sounded cool. Once I analyzed it I really liked the meaning it gave: to never give up and to always try until you succeed. This poem uses many of the poetic terms. The sequence AABCCB makes up the rhyme scheme. The author?s tone is a feeling of frustration and inadequacy in not finding his ?gold?. The imagery is given in dark and light. ?In sunshine and in shadow? which probably mean life and death is a metaphor. Eldorado which is thesomething special or gold is also a metaphor. The last line in every stanza are similar and make up the refrain. Personification is represented with the ghost(shadow) giving the knight advice in how to find his ?gold?. The mood that the reader has is a supernatural feeling. It is also mythical because Eldorado was a mythical place. Similes are not used in this poem. POETIC TERMS 1.RHYME SCHEME- A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem. 2.TONE- The writer?s attitude toward his or her subject, characters, or audience. 3.IMAGERY- Is the descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create word pictures for the reader. 4. METAPHOR- A figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as thogh it were something else. 5. SIMILE- A figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two subjects using either like or as. 6. REFRAIN- A repeated line ora group of lines in a poem or a song. 7. PERSONIFICATION- A figure of speech in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics. 8. STANZA- A group of lines in a poem. 9. MOOD- Atmosphere, is the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage.

6 Environmental Costs (and 3 Benefits) of Hydroelectricity

6 Environmental Costs (and 3 Benefits) of Hydroelectricity Hydroelectricity is a significant source of power in many regions of the globe, providing 24% of the global electricity needs. Brazil and Norway rely almost exclusively on hydropower. In the United States, 7 to 12% of all electricity is produced by hydropower; the states which depend the most on it are Washington, Oregon, California, and New York. Hydropower vs. Hydroelectricity Hydropower is when water is used to activate moving parts, which in turn may operate a mill, an irrigation system, or an electric turbine (in which case we can use the term hydroelectricity). Most commonly, hydroelectricity is produced when water is held back by a dam, led down a penstock through a turbine, and then released in the river below. The water is both pushed by pressure from the reservoir above and pulled by gravity, and that energy spins a turbine coupled to a generator producing electricity. The rarer run-of-the-river hydroelectric plants also have a dam, but no reservoir behind it; turbines are moved by the river water flowing past them at the natural flow rate. Ultimately, the generation of electricity relies on the natural water cycle to refill the reservoir, making it a renewable process with no input of fossil fuel needed. Our use of fossil fuels is associated with a multitude of environmental problems: for example, the extraction of oil from tar sands produces air pollution; fracking for natural gas is associated with water pollution; the burning of fossil fuels produces climate change-inducing greenhouse gas emissions. We, therefore, look to sources of renewable energy as clean alternatives to fossil fuels. However, like all sources of energy, renewable or not, there are environmental costs associated with hydroelectricity. Here is a review of some of those costs, along with some benefits. Costs Barrier to Fish. Many migratory fish species swim up and down rivers to complete their life cycle. Anadromous fish, like salmon, shad, or Atlantic sturgeon, go upriver to spawn, and young fish swim down river to reach the sea. Catadromous fish, like the American eel, live in the rivers until they swim out to the ocean to breed, and the young eels (elvers) come back to freshwater after they hatch. Dams obviously block the passage of these fish. Some dams are equipped with fish ladders or other devices to let them pass unharmed. The effectiveness of these structures is quite variable but improving.Changes in Flood Regime. Dams can buffer large, sudden volumes of water following spring melt of heavy rains. That can be a good thing for downstream communities (see Benefits below), but it also starves the river from a periodic influx of sediment and prevents the natural high flows from regular re-countering of the river bed, which renews habitat for aquatic life. To recreate these ecologic al processes, authorities periodically release large volumes of water down the Colorado River, with positive effects on the native vegetation alongside the river. Temperature and Oxygen Modulation. Depending on the design of the dam, water released downstream often comes from the deeper parts of the reservoir. That water is therefore much the same cold temperature throughout the year. This has negative impacts on aquatic life adapted to wide seasonal variations in water temperature. Similarly, low oxygen levels in released water can kill aquatic life downstream, but the problem can be mitigated by mixing air into the water at the outlet.  Evaporation. Reservoirs increase a river’s surface area, thus increasing the amount of water lost to evaporation. In hot, sunny regions the losses are staggering: more water is lost from reservoir evaporation than is used for domestic consumption. When water evaporates, dissolved salts are left behind, increasing salinity levels downstream and harming aquatic life.Mercury Pollution. Mercury is deposited on vegetation long distances downwind from coal-burning power plants. When new reservoirs are crea ted, the mercury found in the now submerged vegetation is released and converted by bacteria into methyl-mercury. This methyl-mercury becomes increasingly concentrated as it moves up the food chain (a process called biomagnification). Consumers of predatory fish, including humans, are then exposed to dangerous concentrations of the toxic compound. Methane Emissions. Reservoirs often become saturated with nutrients coming from decomposing vegetation or nearby agricultural fields. These nutrients are consumed by algae and microorganisms which in turn release large amounts of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. This problem has of yet not been studied enough to understand its true extent. Benefits Flood control. Reservoir levels can be lowered in anticipation of heavy rain or snowmelt, buffering the communities downstream from dangerous river levels.Recreation. Large reservoirs are often used for recreational activities like fishing and boating.Alternative to Fossil Fuels. Producing hydroelectricity releases a lower net amount of greenhouse gases than fossil fuels. As part of a portfolio of energy sources, hydroelectricity allows greater reliance on domestic energy, as opposed to fossil fuels mined overseas, in locations with less stringent environmental regulations. Some Solutions Because the economic benefits of older dams wane while the environmental costs mount, we have seen any increase in dam decommissioning and removal. These dam removals are spectacular, but most importantly they allow scientists to observe how natural processes are restored along the rivers.   Much of the environmental problems described here are associated with large-scale hydroelectric projects. There is a multitude of very small scale projects (often called â€Å"micro-hydro†) where judiciously placed small turbines use low-volume streams to produce electricity for a single home or a neighborhood. These projects have little environmental impact if properly designed. Sources and Further Reading Filho, Geraldo Lucio Tiago, Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos, and Regina Mambeli Barros. Cost Estimate of Small Hydroelectric Power Plants Based on the Aspect Factor. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 77 (2017): 229–38. Print.Forsund, Finn R. Hydropower Economics. Springer, 2007.  Hancock, Kathleen J, and Benjamin K Sovacool. International Political Economy and Renewable Energy: Hydroelectric Power and the Resource Curse. International Studies Review 20.4 (2018): 615–32. Print.Johansson, Per-Olov, and Bengt Kristrà ¶m. Economics and Social Costs of Hydroelectric Power. Umeà ¥, Sweden: Department of Economics, Umeà ¥ University, 2018. Print.-, eds. Modern Cost-Benefit Analysis of Hydropower Conflicts. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2011.  -, eds. The Economics of Evaluating Water Projects: Hydroelectricity Versus Other Uses. Springer, 2012.

Analysis of Globalization and the Production of Locality in Urban Essay - 3

Analysis of Globalization and the Production of Locality in Urban Egypt Article by Farha Grannam - Essay Example The problem arises when globalization is viewed as neocolonialism or Americanization. The flows from the United States and Europe are said to shape the landscape of Cairo in different ways. There is a need for broadening the globalization concept so that the flows responsible for shaping cultural identities and practices. Grannam (250) says that ‘many changes were needed to facilitate the operation of capital†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ this shows that there is a need for several changes to take place in globalization. The new boundaries, differentiation, and social inequalities being produced and clanged by global flows are important to asses. There are things that attract attention to the inequalities that are produced by global processes. Global flows are not only structured but they also structure. There are groups that are empowered by having connections with the western cities. Production of urban locality is an issue that requires to be addressed with the increased movement of images, people, and commodities. Locality is produced by the interactions of those dwelling and those traveling. Locality is what allows individuals to follow collective flows that are resisted in different contexts (Grannam 256). Diane Singerman reviews how there are international scholars who have collaborated in producing information on politics and culture. Looking at Cairo we realize how complicated the normative project of citizenship is within globalization. Through carrying out research on shops, malls, neighborhoods, villages, towns, and historical areas then it is easy to understand the global flows. With the example of Cairo whose economy was not planned, it is easy to understand why it is megalopolis (Singerman 85). I agree that transforming public space to private is legitimated except if it results from the crime, terrorism, or pollution.  

Oral Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Oral Presentation - Essay Example Employers and other important officials are now giving priority to oral presentations and communication while recruiting fresh graduates. Although, a certain weight age is given to the written examination as well, more is judged from the person's speaking skills and the way of presenting him/herself. This has happened due to the growing number of researches that have told the gentlemen the successful formula of a successful individual. The biggest example of the employer's importance to verbal communication is the interview that is conducted twice of thrice along with the group discussion sessions that take place in many organizations in order to gauge the capabilities of these individuals while communicating with others. Therefore, as students, it becomes really important to get ready for these assessments of the future endeavors. In this enigmatic and ever-changing world, the qualities that one looks for in a person change rapidly. Over the past years, fluent communication has become more important, the pace has increased and so has the communication style. In the olden times, while the bureaucratic organizations still flourished, most of the communication was barred with formal written communication styles with much less importance given to individuality and self-expression. As times are changing, organizations are becoming more creative, so are the communication styles changing. Communication has become more creative and individualistic. In today's era, one of the most important qualities that is sought from the individuals is the ability to express oneself in their own special way. Is a person is not able to express themselves and their ideas to the concerned personnel; they lose their chance of success. The employers are giving more attention to a person's speaking abilities because it has been noticed that during a normal week of work, an employee would write less and speak more, present his or her ideas to the management, make contracts with other companies, conducting employee evaluations sessions and other sessions pertaining to office work; in short, a lot of talking. They also have to become part of formal and informal groups inside and outside the organizations where they have to prove their credibility in front of an audience without a pen or paper; a lot of communication with the help of speaking. Therefore, it is important that a person develops these habits at the right stage in time in order to excel in the later stages of life. It is also becoming more evident that as one moves up the organization, their speaking skills are given higher priority than their written skills. The reason for this is quite easy; as you move up the organization you assume the role of handling a larger number of employees under you. As the number of employees increase, more communication takes place verbally and one assumes the role of a leader of a large group of people. In such a situation, speaking rather than writing is more important as it communicates to the heart with the right kind of emotion which cannot be portrayed in the right sense through a piece of writing only (Leo, 2001). This brings us to the importance of fostering the culture of oral presentation to the university level